Внедрение интегрированной системы управления охраной труда и промышленной безопасностью

Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) is a widely used and environmentally stable synthetic polymer whose occurrence in wastewater is likely. However, an appropriate method for identification and quantification of this polymer in environmental samples is still lacking. Hence, in this study an analytical method based on continuous-flow off-line pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (pyrolysis-GC/MS) was developed to identify and quantify PVP in waste and surface water samples. Pyrolysis of commercial PVP, of some personal care products, of spiked water samples as well as of wastewater samples and river water samples was performed in a tube furnace at 500 degrees C under a continuous nitrogen flow. GC/MS was used for identification of specific degradation products, while GC-FID analysis was performed for quantitative determination. The concentration of PVP was calculated on the basis of the main pyrolytic product, N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP). Very good linear correlation between initial amounts of PVP and released amounts of NVP was obtained and used as external calibration. The detected level of PVP in investigated personal care products was 6.4 (hair gel), 0.8 (laundry detergent) and 1.4%(tablets for throat disinfection). Spiked water samples, wastewater samples and river water samples were pre-extracted with hexane and diethyl ether prior to pyrolysis. It was found that the recovery of spiked samples was 94.6 +/- 1.6% which indicated that pre-extraction did not provoke significant loss of polymer. Finally, application of the developed method on real environmental samples (river water) revealed that PVP was present in effluents from wastewater treatment plants in concentrations between 0.9 mg/L and 7 mg/L, as well as in river water affected by municipal sewage emissions with concentrations around 0.1 mg/L

Description and performance of track and primary-vertex reconstruction with the CMS tracker

A description is provided of the software algorithms developed for the CMS tracker both for reconstructing charged-particle trajectories in proton-proton interactions and for using the resulting tracks to estimate the positions of the LHC luminous region and individual primary-interaction vertices. Despite the very hostile environment at the LHC, the performance obtained with these algorithms is found to be excellent. For tbar t events under typical 2011 pileup conditions, the average track-reconstruction efficiency for promptly-produced charged particles with transverse momenta of pT > 0.9GeV is 94% for pseudorapidities of |η| < 0.9 and 85% for 0.9 < |η| < 2.5. The inefficiency is caused mainly by hadrons that undergo nuclear interactions in the tracker material. For isolated muons, the corresponding efficiencies are essentially 100%. For isolated muons of pT = 100GeV emitted at |η| < 1.4, the resolutions are approximately 2.8% in pT, and respectively, 10μm and 30μm in the transverse and longitudinal impact parameters. The position resolution achieved for reconstructed primary vertices that correspond to interesting pp collisions is 10–12μm in each of the three spatial dimensions. The tracking and vertexing software is fast and flexible, and easily adaptable to other functions, such as fast tracking for the trigger, or dedicated tracking for electrons that takes into account bremsstrahlung

Yolk-shell-type CaO-based sorbents for CO2 capture: assessing the role of nanostructuring for the stabilization of the cyclic CO2 uptake

ISSN:2040-3364ISSN:2040-337

On the Importance of Benchmarking the Gas-Phase Pyrolysis Reaction in the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane

The oxidative dehydrogenation of propane (ODP) proceeds catalytically on a gas-solid interface (heterogeneous reaction) and/or in the gas phase (homogeneous reaction) via a radical chain process. ODP may therefore combine interrelated contributions from the heterogeneous dehydrogenation and gas-phase reactions, which can be initiated by a catalyst. This study demonstrates that relatively high propene and ethene selectivities (ca. 80 % and 10 %) and propane conversions (viz., 10 % at 500 degrees C) can be achieved with an empty quartz reactor, which is comparable to the performances of state-of-the-art ODP catalysts (boron-based or supported VOx). Optimization of the post-catalytic volume of a h-BN catalyst bed tested at 490 degrees C allows to increase the conversion of propane from 9 % to 15 % at a propene selectivity of 77 %, highlighting this parameter as an important variable for improving catalytic ODP performances.ISSN:1867-3880ISSN:1867-389

Porous PVDF Monoliths with Templated Geometry

Additive manufacturing of complex porous polymer geometries is a new field of advanced materials processing. Such new geometries can be used to fabricate porous polymer monoliths serving as a support for other material functions. Here, a novel fabrication technology to manufacture tailored 3D porous monoliths via additive manufacturing and templating is presented. The method is based on replicating a 3D-printed mold with a polymer solution of polyvinylidenfluorid-triethyl phosphate (PVDF-TEP) and induce phase separation of the polymer solution subsequently. In a second step, the mold is removed without affecting the porous PVDF phase. As a result, porous monoliths with a templated 3D architecture are successfully fabricated. The manufacturing process is successfully applied to complex structures and can be applied to any conceivable geometry. Coating the porous 3D monoliths with another PVDF solution allows applying a skin layer yielding an asymmetric membrane monolith. As a showcase, a polydimethylsiloxane coating even leads to a smooth and dense layer of micrometer size. The methodology enables a new generation of complex porous polymer monoliths with tailored surface coatings. For the combination of poly(dimethylsiloxane) on a porous support, gas/liquid mass transfer is used in blood oxygenation with reduced diffusion limitation is within reach

Serum Levels of MicroRNA-371a-3p (M371 Test) as a New Biomarker of Testicular Germ Cell Tumors: Results of a Prospective Multicentric Study

PURPOSE Previous studies suggested that serum levels of microRNA (miR)-371a-3p (so-called M371 test) have a much higher sensitivity and specificity than the classic markers of testicular germ cell tumors (GCTs) and are applicable toward both seminoma and nonseminoma. We sought to confirm the usefulness of this test as a novel biomarker for GCT. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a prospective, multicentric study, serum samples of 616 patients with testicular GCTs and 258 male controls were examined for serum levels of miRNA-371a-3p (miR levels) by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The GCT population encompassed 359 patients with seminoma and 257 with nonseminoma; 371 had clinical stage I disease, 201 had systemic disease, and 46 had relapses. Paired measurements before and after orchiectomy were performed in 424 patients; 118 with systemic disease had serial measurements during treatment. miR levels were compared with those of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, alpha-fetoprotein, and lactate dehydrogenase. RESULTS For the primary diagnosis of GCT, the M371 test showed a sensitivity of 90.1%, a specificity of 94.0%, an area under the curve of 0.966 upon receiver operating characteristic analysis, and a positive predictive value of 97.2%. alpha-Fetoprotein, beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, and lactate dehydrogenase had sensitivities of less than 50% in seminoma and slightly higher sensitivities in nonseminomas. miR levels were significantly associated with clinical stage, primary tumor size, and response to treatment. Relapses had elevated miR levels that subsequently dropped to normal upon remission. Teratoma did not express miR-371a-3p. CONCLUSION The M371 test outperforms the classic markers of GCT with both a sensitivity and a specificity greater than 90%. All histologic subgroups, except teratoma, express this marker. The test could be considered for clinical implementation after further validation. (C) 2019 by American Society of Clinical Oncolog